+12mm on a 20x8 is different than +12mm on a 20x8.5, etc. Also "where" your tires sticks out to has A LOT to do with the width of your tire. Mine happen to be 12.5" wide and hence they stick out further on my +15 offset rims than would a 11.5" tire, etc. If you look at my gallery when I was test fitting my 20x8.5 +15mm rims before I put tires onto the rims, the rims were almost perfectly in line with the front cladding, may have been a few millimeters outside of the cladding, and since the torsion bar crank pulls the front wheels just slightly in closer to the VX the rears were sticking out from the VX around 5mm more than the front, picture for reference:
And here you can see the rear tires sticking out just ever so slightly more than the fronts because of the degree of the Control Arms after lifting:
And no it is not just because of the angle of the photo, at whichever angle you look at it from the rear or front you can see just a slight difference on each side front/back, but I am talking a small difference (3-5mm).
Yes right on, except as you can see in my photo from above, a 20x8.5" rim with +15mm offset lines up the edge of the rim almost exactly with the edge of the cladding, down to maybe 1 or 2mm sticking out on front at the most, which means my 12.5" tires would be almost 2" wider than this on the inside and outside, so a 0 offset at anything around the same 8.5" rim that I have would indeed push not just the tire outside the wheel well, but it would in fact push the rim edge itself to outside the cladding not just the tire.
The reason I agree that his offset is around +10 or so is because the amount of tire sticking out looks almost identical to Taylor(+10) and myself (+15). But his tires are .5" more narrow than ours, so that is why I thought the rims might be all the way down to a +8mm or so. But you are right that his wheels were indeed a little further out than mine. I say were because if anyone was wondering Jay is now riding in style in his blacked out FJ Cruiser.
Here is a chart that might simplify the whole offset to backspacing thing:
From the chart if your rims are +12mm offset and 4.5" backspacing then your rims would be 7" wide, but that does not sound right either, how were you measuring your backspacing or were you given those numbers?