OK, so since it was throwing codes, and the old one was looking a bit haggard even though it was only a couple years old, I replaced the EGR and cleaned the EGR tube... whelp, turns out that was not the source of the noise. I think it's gotta be exhaust related now, the sound has gotten louder and sounds even more pneumatic than it did before. Understood about the CEL, could it be an exhaust leak in combination with a faulty sensor, or a leak which is after the sensor? The sound is definitely originating from the front or underside of the car, not where the vent fan is.